Rest Excel Und Null

28.08.2019

58 - Comments

I'm using Excel 2007 and often use filters to find inconsistent data (mis-spellings, etc.) and then clean up the data using the fill handle to fill in correctly formatted values. I'm finding that, with a simple filter on, dragging over cells hidden by the filter changes the values in the hidden cells too.

Excel Formulas

In this tutorial we will guide you on how to create and clear arrays in VBA Excel. Arrays are basically a group of variables which have similar properties. Instead of using multiple variables, it’s better to use a single array. By using arrays, we can use a single variable for several values.
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This article describes how to use the Excel JavaScript API to build add-ins for Excel 2016 or later. It introduces core concepts that are fundamental to using the API and provides guidance for performing specific tasks such as reading or writing to a large range, updating all cells in range, and more.

Asynchronous nature of Excel APIs

The web-based Excel add-ins run inside a browser container that is embedded within the Office application on desktop-based platforms such as Office on Windows and runs inside an HTML iFrame in Office on the web. Enabling the Office.js API to interact synchronously with the Excel host across all supported platforms is not feasible due to performance considerations. Therefore, the sync() API call in Office.js returns a promise that is resolved when the Excel application completes the requested read or write actions. Also, you can queue up multiple actions, such as setting properties or invoking methods, and run them as a batch of commands with a single call to sync(), rather than sending a separate request for each action. The following sections describe how to accomplish this using the Excel.run() and sync() APIs.

Excel.run

Excel.run executes a function where you specify the actions to perform against the Excel object model. Excel.run automatically creates a request context that you can use to interact with Excel objects. When Excel.run completes, a promise is resolved, and any objects that were allocated at runtime are automatically released.

The following example shows how to use Excel.run. The catch statement catches and logs errors that occur within the Excel.run.

Run options

Excel.run has an overload that takes in a RunOptions object. This contains a set of properties that affect platform behavior when the function runs. The following property is currently supported:

delayForCellEdit: Determines whether Excel delays the batch request until the user exits cell edit mode. When true, the batch request is delayed and runs when the user exits cell edit mode. When false, the batch request automatically fails if the user is in cell edit mode (causing an error to reach the user). The default behavior with no delayForCellEdit property specified is equivalent to when it is false.

Request context

Excel and your add-in run in two different processes. Since they use different runtime environments, Excel add-ins require a RequestContext object in order to connect your add-in to objects in Excel such as worksheets, ranges, charts, and tables.

Proxy objects

The Excel JavaScript objects that you declare and use in an add-in are proxy objects. Any methods that you invoke or properties that you set or load on proxy objects are simply added to a queue of pending commands. When you call the sync() method on the request context (for example, context.sync()), the queued commands are dispatched to Excel and run. The Excel JavaScript API is fundamentally batch-centric. You can queue up as many changes as you wish on the request context, and then call the sync() method to run the batch of queued commands.

For example, the following code snippet declares the local JavaScript object selectedRange to reference a selected range in the Excel document, and then sets some properties on that object. The selectedRange object is a proxy object, so the properties that are set and method that is invoked on that object will not be reflected in the Excel document until your add-in calls context.sync().

sync()

Calling the sync() method on the request context synchronizes the state between proxy objects and objects in the Excel document. The sync() method runs any commands that are queued on the request context and retrieves values for any properties that should be loaded on the proxy objects. The sync() method executes asynchronously and returns a promise, which is resolved when the sync() method completes.

The following example shows a batch function that defines a local JavaScript proxy object (selectedRange), loads a property of that object, and then uses the JavaScript Promises pattern to call context.sync() to synchronize the state between proxy objects and objects in the Excel document.

In the previous example, selectedRange is set and its address property is loaded when context.sync() is called.

Because sync() is an asynchronous operation that returns a promise, you should always return the promise (in JavaScript). Doing so ensures that the sync() operation completes before the script continues to run. For more information about optimizing performance with sync(), see Excel JavaScript API performance optimization.

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load()

Before you can read the properties of a proxy object, you must explicitly load the properties to populate the proxy object with data from the Excel document, and then call context.sync(). For example, if you create a proxy object to reference a selected range, and then want to read the selected range's address property, you need to load the address property before you can read it. To request properties of a proxy object be loaded, call the load() method on the object and specify the properties to load.

Note

If you are only calling methods or setting properties on a proxy object, you do not need to call the load() method. The load() method is only required when you want to read properties on a proxy object.

Just like requests to set properties or invoke methods on proxy objects, requests to load properties on proxy objects get added to the queue of pending commands on the request context, which will run the next time you call the sync() method. You can queue up as many load() calls on the request context as necessary.

In the following example, only specific properties of the range are loaded.

In the previous example, because format/font is not specified in the call to myRange.load(), the format.font.color property cannot be read.

To optimize performance, you should explicitly specify the properties and relationships to load when using the load() method on an object, as covered in Excel JavaScript API performance optimizations. For more information about the load() method, see Advanced programming concepts with the Excel JavaScript API.

null or blank property values

null input in 2-D Array

In Excel, a range is represented by a 2-D array, where the first dimension is rows and the second dimension is columns. To set values, number format, or formula for only specific cells within a range, specify the values, number format, or formula for those cells in the 2-D array, and specify null for all other cells in the 2-D array.

For example, to update the number format for only one cell within a range, and retain the existing number format for all other cells in the range, specify the new number format for the cell to update, and specify null for all other cells. The following code snippet sets a new number format for the fourth cell in the range, and leaves the number format unchanged for the first three cells in the range.

null input for a property

null is not a valid input for single property. For example, the following code snippet is not valid, as the values property of the range cannot be set to null.

Likewise, the following code snippet is not valid, as null is not a valid value for the color property.

null property values in the response

Formatting properties such as size and color will contain null values in the response when different values exist in the specified range. For example, if you retrieve a range and load its format.font.color property:

If all cells in the range have the same font color, range.format.font.color specifies that color.
If multiple font colors are present within the range, range.format.font.color is null.

Blank input for a property

When you specify a blank value for a property (i.e., two quotation marks with no space in-between '), it will be interpreted as an instruction to clear or reset the property. For example:

If you specify a blank value for the values property of a range, the content of the range is cleared.
If you specify a blank value for the numberFormat property, the number format is reset to General.
If you specify a blank value for the formula property and formulaLocale property, the formula values are cleared.

Blank property values in the response

For read operations, a blank property value in the response (i.e., two quotation marks with no space in-between ') indicates that cell contains no data or value. In the first example below, the first and last cell in the range contain no data. In the second example, the first two cells in the range do not contain a formula.

Read or write to an unbounded range

Read an unbounded range

An unbounded range address is a range address that specifies either entire column(s) or entire row(s). For example:

Range addresses comprised of entire column(s):
- C:C
- A:F
Range addresses comprised of entire row(s):
- 2:2
- 1:4

When the API makes a request to retrieve an unbounded range (for example, getRange('C:C')), the response will contain null values for cell-level properties such as values, text, numberFormat, and formula. Other properties of the range, such as address and cellCount, will contain valid values for the unbounded range.

Write to an unbounded range

You cannot set cell-level properties such as values, numberFormat, and formula on unbounded range because the input request is too large. For example, the following code snippet is not valid because it attempts to specify values for an unbounded range. The API will return an error if you attempt to set cell-level properties for an unbounded range.

Read or write to a large range

If a range contains a large number of cells, values, number formats, and/or formulas, it may not be possible to run API operations on that range. The API will always make a best attempt to run the requested operation on a range (i.e., to retrieve or write the specified data), but attempting to perform read or write operations for a large range may result in an API error due to excessive resource utilization. To avoid such errors, we recommend that you run separate read or write operations for smaller subsets of a large range, instead of attempting to run a single read or write operation on a large range.

Excel Formulas

Important

Excel on the web has a payload size limit for requests and responses of 5MB. RichAPI.Error will be thrown if that limit is exceeded.

Update all cells in a range

To apply the same update to all cells in a range, (for example, to populate all cells with the same value, set the same number format, or populate all cells with the same formula), set the corresponding property on the range object to the desired (single) value.

The following example gets a range that contains 20 cells, and then sets the number format and populates all cells in the range with the value 3/11/2015.

Handle errors

When an API error occurs, the API returns an error object that contains a code and a message. For detailed information about error handling, including a list of API errors, see Error handling.

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